Meta-Biol

• Pathways

Tubulin is modified by glutamylation and glycylation, the additon of peptide branches made of glutamyl or glycyl residues respectively, which are attached to the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamic acids within the C-terminal tail domains of alpha- and beta-tubulin. They are added by members of the tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL family). TTLL3, 8, and 10 are glycylases (Ikegami et al. 2008, Ikegami and Setou, 2009; Rogowski et al. 2009; Wloga et al. 2009) with TTLL3 and 8 serving as initiases, and TTLL10 serving as an elongase. In this event polyglycation is arbitrarily shown on only one tubulin protofilament within the microtubule.