Meta-Biol

• Pathways

Where they have been studied, transmembrane PDGFR fusion proteins have been shown to trans-autophosphorylate in a ligand-independent manner, stimulating downstream signaling and promoting oncogenic transformation (Carroll et al, 1996; Willbanks et al, 2000; Stover et al, 2006; Medves et al, 2010; Ozawa et al, 2010; reviewed in Wang et al, 2016; Appiah-Kubi et al, 2017). Many of the PDGFR fusions appear to signal through the STAT pathway, with some variability in which STAT family members are engaged. Other pathways activated downstream of the transmembrane fusions include MAP kinase, PLC gamma and PI3K signaling cascades (Medves et al, 2010; Ozawa et al, 2010; Willbanks et al, 2000; Carroll et al, 1996).